Helminths

This is the checklist of the helminths of North American Eulipotyphla. Please let me know if you find some missing/incorrect information. When use the checklist please also cite the following publication:

Kinsella J.M., Tkach V.V. 2009. Checklist of helminth parasites of Soricomorpha (=Insectivora) of North America north of Mexico. Zootaxa,1969: 36-58.

Table 1. Parasite-host checklist of parasites of North American Soricomorpha.
Parasite taxa	Host species	States or provinces	References
SORICIDAE
Trematoda
Brachylaima thompsoni (Sinitsin, 1931) Ubelaker & Dailey, 1966 Synonym : Entosiphonus thompsoni Sinitsin, 1931	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Blarina hylophaga Sorex cinereus	Virginia Maryland Michigan Wisconsin Ohio Ontario Iowa Connecticut Pennsylvania North Carolina Illinois Nebraska Wisconsin	Sinitsin 1931 Sinitsin 1931 Rausch & Tiner 1949, Villella 1953a, 1953b Rausch & Tiner 1949 Oswald 1958 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker & McNair 1984 Miller et al. 1974 Barker et al. 1987 Barger & Hnida 2008 Rausch & Tiner 1949
Brachylaima sp. (immature)	Sorex vagrans	Montana	Kinsella 2007
Brachylecithum mosquensis	Sorex vagrans	Montana	Kinsella and Tkach, 2009
Brachylecithum sp.	Blarina carolinensis	North Carolina	Miller et al. 1974
Ectosiphonus rhomboideus Sinitsin, 1931 Synonyms : Brachylaima dolichodirus Mason, 1953 ; Ectosiphonus ovatus Sinitsin, 1931; Brachylaima condylura Odlaug, 1952	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis	Minnesota Michigan Tennessee Ohio Ontario Iowa Connecticut Pennsylvania North Carolina Florida	Sinitsin 1931 Villella 1953c Mason 1953 Oswald 1958 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker & McNair 1984 Miller et al. 1974 Forrester 1992
Euryhelmis pacificus Senger & Macy, 1952	Sorex bendirii	Oregon	Senger & Macy 1952
Neoglyphe locellus (Kossack, 1910) Yamaguti, 1958 Synonyms: Opisthioglyphe locellus Kossack, 1910; Neoglyphe soricis Pojmanska, 1957	Sorex cinereus Sorex palustris Sorex vagrans	Alaska Colorado Montana Colorado Montana Colorado Montana	Seesee 1970 Leiby 1961 Hendricks 1973 Leiby 1961 Hendricks 1973 Leiby 1961 Hendricks 1973
Panopistus pricei Sinitsin, 1931	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Blarina hylophaga	Virginia Maryland Michigan Wisconsin Illinois Ohio Virginia Ontario Iowa Connecticut Pennsylvania North Carolina Illinois Florida Nebraska	Sinitsin 1931 Krull 1934 Rausch & Tiner 1949, Villella 1954 Rausch & Tiner 1949 Levin 1957 Oswald 1958 Holloway & Etges 1967 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker & McNair 1984 Miller et al. 1974 Barker et al. 1987 Forrester 1992 Barger & Hnida 2008
Xiphidiotrema lockerae Senger, 1953	Sorex bendirii Sorex palustris Sorex obscurus	Oregon Montana Montana	Senger 1953 Senger 1953 Senger 1953
Unidentified fluke (Troglotrematidae?)	Blarina brevicauda	Ohio	Oswald 1958
Cestoda
Blarinolepis blarinae (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Tkach & Kornyushin, 1997 Synonym: Hymenolepis blarinae Rausch & Kuns, 1950	Blarina brevicauda	Wisconsin Ohio Iowa	Rausch & Kuns 1950 Oswald 1958 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Cladotaenia globifera (Batsch, 1786) Cohn, 1901 (merocercoids) Synonyms: Taenia globifera Batsch, 1786 ; Cladotaenia freani Ortlepp, 1938; Cladotaenia oklahomensis Schmitt, 1940	Sorex cinereus	Ontario	Freeman 1959
Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus (Van Gundy, 1936) Skrjabin & Matevossian, 1948 Synonym: Hymenolepis anthocephalus Van Gundy, 1936	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis	Michigan South Dakota Ohio Wisconsin New York Ontario Iowa Connecticut Pennsylvania North Carolina Illinois	Van Gundy 1936, Rausch & Kuns 1950 Fasbender 1957 Oswald 1958, Rausch & Kuns 1950, Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Rausch & Kuns 1950 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker & McNair 1984 Miller et al. 1974 Barker et al. 1987
Ditestolepis pulchra (Voge, 1955) Vaucher in Czaplinski and Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms: Hymenolepis pulchra Voge, 1955; Insectivorolepis pulchra (Locker and Rausch, 1952) Yamaguti, 1959; Ecrinolepis pulchra (Voge, 1955) Gulyaev, 1991	Sorex trowbridgii Sorex pacificus Sorex cinereus	California California Pennsylvania	Voge 1955b Voge 1955b Kinsella et al. 2008
Echinococcus sp. (larvae)	Sorex jacksoni	Alaska	Thomas et al. 1954
Hymenolepis sp.	Blarina brevicauda	Ohio Iowa	Oswald 1958 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Lineolepis lineola (Oswald, 1951) Spasskii, 1959 Synonyms: Hymenolepis lineola Oswald, 1951; Rodentolepis lineola (Oswald, 1951) Yamaguti, 1959; Vampirolepis lineola (Oswald, 1951) Schmidt, 1986	Sorex fumeus Sorex cinereus	Ohio Pennsylvania	Oswald 1951 Kinsella et al. 2008
Lineolepis parva (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Spasskii, 1959 Synonyms: Hymenolepis parva Rausch & Kuns, 1950; Rodentolepis parva (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Yamaguti, 1959: Vampirolepis parva (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Schmidt, 1986	Sorex cinereus Sorex obscurus Sorex ornatus Sorex pacificus Sorex vagrans Sorex palustris Sorex trowbridgii Sorex sp.	Wisconsin Alaska Montana Iowa Alaska California California Wyoming Montana California Montana Alaska California California California	Rausch & Kuns 1950 Rausch & Kuns 1950, Voge & Rausch 1955 Senger 1955 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Rausch & Kuns 1950, Voge & Rausch 1955 Voge 1955d Voge 1955d Rausch & Kuns 1950 Senger 1955, Kinsella 2007 Voge 1955d Senger 1955 Voge & Rausch 1955 Voge 1955d Voge 1955d Voge 1955d
Lineolepis pribilofensis (Olsen, 1969) n. comb. Synonym: Hymenolepis pribilofensis Olsen, 1969	Sorex pribilofensis	Alaska	Olsen 1969
Lineolepis sengeri (Neiland, 1953) Spasskii and Morosov, 1959 Synonyms: Hymenolepis sengeri Neiland, 1953: Staphylocystis sengeri (Neiland, 1953) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex bendirii Sorex palustris	Oregon Montana	Neiland 1953 Senger 1955
Lockerrauschia intricata (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Yamaguti, 1959 Synonym: Hymenolepis intricatus Locker & Rausch, 1952	Sorex vagrans Sorex bendirii Sorex palustris Sorex obscurus	Oregon Montana Oregon Montana Alaska	Locker & Rausch 1952 Kinsella 2007 Neiland 1953 Senger 1955 Voge & Rausch 1955
Mathevolepis macyi (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Gulyaev & Karpenko, 1998 Synonyms: Hymenolepis macyi Locker & Rausch, 1952; Soricina macyi (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Zarnowski, 1956	Sorex vagrans Sorex bendirii Sorex trowbridgii Sorex ornatus Sorex cinereus Pennsylvania Montana Minnesota North Dakota Sorex arcticus	Oregon Montana Oregon California California Iowa Pennsylvania Montana Minnesota North Dakota North Dakota	Locker & Rausch 1952 Senger 1955, Kinsella 2007 Neiland 1953 Voge 1955c Davis & Voge 1957 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Kinsella et al. 2008 Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018 Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018 Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018 Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018
Mesocestoides sp.(tetrathyridia)	Sorex palustris Sorex pribilofensis	Montana Alaska	Conaway 1952 Shults 1970
Monocercus soricis (Neiland, 1953) n. comb. Synonyms: Liga soricis Neiland, 1953; Molluscotaenia soricis (Neiland, 1953) Spasskii & Andreiko, 1971	Sorex bendirii Sorex obscurus Sorex pacificus Sorex vagrans	Oregon Oregon California Oregon Montana	Neiland 1953 Neiland 1953 Voge 1955d Canaris 1960 Kinsella 2007
Neoskrjabinolepis fertilis Kornienko et Dokuchaev, 2012	Sorex tundrensis	Alaska	Kornienko and Dokuchaev 2012
Neoskrjabinolepis hobergi Kornienko et Dokuchaev, 2012	Sorex tundrensis	Alaska	Kornienko and Dokuchaev 2012
Oochoristica pennsylvanica Chandler & Melvin, 1951	Blarina brevicauda	Pennsylvania	Chandler & Melvin 1951
Paruterina candelabraria (Goeze, 1782) Fuhrmann, 1906 (merocercoids) Synonym: Taenia candelabraria Goeze, 1782	Sorex vagrans	Montana	Kinsella 2007
Protogynella blarinae Jones, 1943	Blarina brevicauda Sorex vagrans Sorex bendirii	Virginia Wisconsin Ohio Ontario Iowa Connecticut Oregon Oregon	Jones 1943 Rausch & Kuns 1950 Oswald 1958 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Locker & Rausch 1952 Neiland 1953
Protogynella pauciova Oswald, 1955	Blarina brevicauda	Ohio Iowa Illinois Pennsylvania	Oswald 1955, 1958 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Levin 1966 Barker & McNair 1984
Protogynella sp.	Sorex vagrans	Montana	Kinsella 2007
Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi (Jones, 1944) Skrjabin & Matevossian, 1948 Synonym: Diorchis reynoldsi Jones, 1944	Blarina brevicauda	Virginia Ohio New York Ontario Iowa Connecticut Pennsylvania	Jones 1944 Oswald 1957, 1958 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker & McNair 1984
Pseudodiorchis sp.	Blarina brevicauda	Minnesota	Larson & Scharf 1975
Raillietina sp.	Notiosorex crawfordi	Nevada	Fisher 1941
Skrjabinacanthus falculata (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Vaucher in Czaplinski & Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms : Hymenolepis falculata Rausch & Kuns, 1950 ; Staphylocystis falculata (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Spasskii, 1954 ; Rodentolepis falculata (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Yamaguti, 1959 ; Vampirolepis falculata (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Schmidt, 1986	Sorex cinereus Sorex vagrans Sorex palustris Sorex ornatus	Wisconsin Montana Alaska Iowa Oregon California Montana Montana California California Alaska	Rausch & Kuns 1950 Senger 1955 Voge & Rausch 1955 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Locker & Rausch 1952 Voge 1955a Kinsella 2007 Senger 1955 Voge 1955a Voge 1955a Voge & Rausch 1955
Soricinia kenki (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Vaucher in Czaplinski & Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms: Hymenolepis kenki Locker & Rausch, 1952; Insectivorolepis kenki (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Zarnowski, 1956	Sorex vagrans Sorex bendirii Sorex obscurus Sorex cinereus Sorex pacificus	Oregon Montana Oregon Oregon Montana Pennsylvania California	Locker & Rausch 1952 Kinsella 2007 Neiland 1953 Neiland 1953 Senger 1955 Kinsella et al. 2008 Voge, 1955c
Spasskylepis rauschi Gulyaev, Dokuchaev et Lykova, 2010	Sorex cinereus	Alaska	Gulyaev et al., 2010
Staphylocystis schilleri (Rausch & Kuns, 1950) Spasskii, 1954 Synonyms : Hymenolepis schilleri Locker & Rausch, 1952; Vampirolepis schilleri (Rausch & Kuns 1950) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex cinereus Sorex vagrans Sorex palustris	Wisconsin Alaska Oregon Montana Montana	Rausch & Kuns 1950 Voge & Rausch 1955 Locker & Rausch 1952 Senger 1955 Tkach et al. 2013
Staphylocystis clydesengeri Tkach, Makarikov et Kinsella 2013 Synonym: Staphylocystis sp. Kinsella, 2007	Sorex vagrans	Montana Washington	Tkach et al. 2013 Tkach et al. 2013
Staphylocystoides gulyaevi Greiman, Tkach et Cook, 2013	Sorex monticolus	Alaska	Greiman et al., 2013
Staphylocystoides asketus (Brooks & Mayes, 1977) Olsen & Kuntz, 1978 Synonym: Hymenolepis asketus Brooks & Mayes, 1977	Blarina brevicauda Sorex cinereus	Nebraska North Dakota	Brooks & Mayes 1977 Greiman et al., 2013
Staphylocystoides longi (Oswald, 1951) Vaucher in Czaplinski and Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms: Hymenolepis longi Oswald, 1951; Staphylocystis longi(Oswald, 1951) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex fumeus Sorex bendirii Sorex cinereus Sorex vagrans	Ohio Oregon Iowa Pennsylvania Montana	Oswald 1951 Neiland 1953 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Kinsella et al. 2008 Kinsella 2007
Staphylocystoides parvissima (Voge, 1953) Vaucher in Czaplinski and Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms: Hymenolepis parvissima Voge, 1953 ; Staphylocystis parvissima (Voge, 1953) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex bendirii Sorex ornatus Sorex palustris Sorex trowbridgii	California California Montana California California	Voge 1953 Voge 1955d Senger 1955 Voge 1955d Voge 1955d
Staphylocystoides pauciproglottis (Neiland, 1953) Olsen & Kuntz, 1978 Synonyms: Hymenolepis pauciproglottis Neiland, 1953); Staphylocystis pauciproglottis (Neiland, 1953) Yamaguti, 1959; Zarnowskiella pauciproglottis (Neiland 1953) Karpenko and Chechulin, 1990	Sorex vagrans	Oregon	Neiland 1953
Staphylocystoides serrula (Oswald, 1951) Vaucher in Czaplinski & Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms : Hymenolepis serrula Oswald, 1951 ; Staphylocystis serrula (Oswald, 1951) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex fumeus Sorex palustris Sorex cinereus Sorex tundrensis Sorex jacksoni	Ohio Tennessee Montana Pennsylvania Alaska Alaska Alaska	Oswald 1951, Cox et al. 1956 Cox et al. 1956 Senger 1955 Kinsella et al. 2008 Gulyaev et al. 2007 Gulyaev et al. 2007 Gulyaev et al. 2007
Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Vaucher in Czaplinski & Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms: Hymenolepis sphenomorphus Locker & Rausch, 1952; Staphylocystis sphenomorphus (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex vagrans Sorex cinereus Sorex obscurus	Oregon California Montana Montana Alaska Alaska California	Locker & Rausch 1952 Voge 1955c Kinsella 2007 Senger 1955 Voge & Rausch,1955; Dunagan, 1956; Gulyaev et al., 2007 Voge & Rausch 1955 Voge 1955d
Staphylocystoides oligospinosus Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018	Sorex cinereus	Montana	Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018
Staphylocystoides parasphenomorphus Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018	Sorex cinereus	Yukon Territory	Tkach, Kinsella et Greiman, 2018
Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Vaucher in Czaplinski & Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms: Hymenolepis sphenomorphus Locker & Rausch, 1952; Staphylocystis sphenomorphus (Locker & Rausch, 1952) Yamaguti, 1959	Sorex vagrans Sorex cinereus Sorex obscurus Sorex sp.	Oregon California Montana Montana Alaska Alaska California	Locker & Rausch 1952 Voge 1955c Kinsella 2007 Senger 1955 Voge & Rausch,1955; Dunagan, 1956; Gulyaev et al., 2007 Voge & Rausch 1955 Voge 1955d
Vogelepis virilis (Voge, 1955) Vaucher in Czaplinski & Vaucher, 1994 Synonyms : Hymenolepis virilis Voge, 1955 ; Vampirolepis vigilis (Voge, 1955) Schmidt, 1986	Sorex trowbridgii	California	Voge 1955a
Cyclophyllidean larvae	Blarina brevicauda	Iowa	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Nematoda
Angiostrongylus sp.	Notiosorex crawfordi	California	Laakonen et al. 2003
Baruscapillaria rauschi (Read, 1949) Kinsella, 2007 Synonym: Capillaria rauschi Read, 1949	Sorex cinereus Sorex palustris Sorex vagrans	Wisconsin Iowa Pennsylvania Montana Montana	Read 1949 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Kinsella et al. 2008 Conaway 1952 Kinsella 2007
Calodium hepaticum (Bancroft, 1893) Moravec, 1982 Synonyms: Capillaria hepatica (Bancroft, 1893) Travassos, 1915; Hepaticola hepatica (Bancroft, 1893) Hall, 1916	Blarina brevicauda Sorex cinereus Sorex fumeus	Virginia Virginia Virginia	Solomon & Handley 1971 Solomon & Handley 1971 Solomon & Handley 1971
Capillaria sp. (liver)	Blarina brevicauda	Connecticut	Huffman & Penner 1981
Capillaria sp. (spleen)	Blarina brevicauda	Connecticut	Huffman & Penner 1981
Capillaria sp. (bladder)	Blarina carolinensis	Illinois	Barker et al. 1987
Capillaria sp. 1	Sorex cinereus	Iowa	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Capillaria sp. 2	Sorex cinereus	Iowa	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Capillaria sp. 3	Sorex palustris	Montana	Conaway 1952
Eucoleus blarinae (Ogren, 1953) n. comb. Synonym: Capillaria blarinae Ogren, 1953	Blarina brevicauda	Illinois New York Connecticut	Ogren 1953 Ogren 1953 Huffman & Penner 1981
Eucoleus oesophagicola (Soltys, 1952) Skrjabin & Shikhobalova, 1954 Synonym: Capillaria oesophagicola Soltys, 1951	Blarina brevicauda Sorex vagrans	Iowa Montana	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Kinsella 2007
Liniscus urinicola (Soltys, 1952) Moravec, 1982 Synonym : Capillaria urincola Soltys, 1952	Blarina brevicauda	Connecticut	Huffman & Penner 1981
Liniscus maseri (Rausch & Rausch, 1973) Moravec, 1982 Synonym: Capillaria maseri Rausch & Rausch, 1973	Sorex yaquinae Sorex vagrans Sorex bendirii Sorex trowbridgii Sorex pacificus Sorex cinereus	Oregon Oregon Montana Oregon Oregon Oregon Iowa Nova Scotia	Rausch & Rausch 1973 Rausch & Rausch 1973 Kinsella 2007 Rausch & Rausch 1973 Rausch & Rausch 1973 Rausch & Rausch 1973 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Cowan et al. 2007, 2009
Liniscus sp.	Sorex longirostris	Alabama	French 1980
Longistriata aeschlimanni Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1978	Blarina brevicauda	Ontario Ohio	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1978
Longistriata alainchabaudi Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex cinereus Sorex fumeus Sorex arcticus	Ontario Pennsylvania Canada Canada	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973 Kinsella et al. 2008 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973
Longistriata baeri Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex palustris	Alberta	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973
Longistriata blarinae Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1978	Blarina brevicauda	Ontario Manitoba	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978
Longistriata caudabullata Dikmans, 1946	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Blarina hylophaga	Maryland Manitoba Ontario Nebraska North Carolina Nebraska Kansas	Dikmans 1946 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1978 Brant & Orti 2003 Miller et al. 1974 Brant & Orti 2003 Brant & Orti 2003
Longistriata depressa (Dujardin, 1845) Schulz, 1926 Synonyms : Strongylus depressus Dujardin, 1845 ; Longistriata codrus Thomas, 1953	Blarina brevicauda Sorex cinereus	Ohio Iowa Iowa	Oswald 1958 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Longistriata dikmansi Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex arcticus	Manitoba	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973
Longistriata euzeti Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex fumeus Sorex cinereus	Ontario Canada	Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973
Longistriata meylani Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex cinereus Sorex vagrans	Alberta Montana	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973 Kinsella 2007
Longistriata rauschi Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex hoyi	Ontario Alaska	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973
Longistriata robdollfusi Vaucher & Durette-Desset, 1973	Sorex cinereus Sorex fumeus	Ontario Canada	Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973 Vaucher & Durette-Desset 1973
Longistriata sp.	Blarina brevicauda	Iowa	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Paracrenosoma sp.	Sorex vagrans	Montana	Kinsella 2007
Parastrongyloides winchesi Morgan, 1928	Blarina brevicauda Sorex vagrans	Iowa Montana	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Kinsella 2007
Pearsonema plica (Rudolphi, 1819) Moravec, 1982 Synonyms : Trichosoma plica Rudolphi, 1819 ; Capillaria plica (Rudolphi, 1819)	Blarina carolinensis Sorex cinereus	North Carolina Quebec	Miller et al. 1974 Bourque 1981
Physaloptera limbata Leidy, 1856	Blarina brevicauda	Illinois Wisconsin Ohio	Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946 Oswald 1958
Physaloptera sp. (larvae)	Blarina carolinensis	North Carolina	Miller et al. 1974
Porrocaecum americanum Schwartz, 1925 (larvae)	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Sorex palustris	Pennsylvania Ohio Iowa Connecticut Illinois Montana	Chandler & Melvin 1951 Oswald 1958 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker et al. 1987 Conaway 1952
Porrocaecum encapsulatum Schwartz, 1925 (larvae)	Blarina brevicauda Sorex palustris	Washington DC Pennsylvania Ohio Montana	Schwartz 1925 Chandler & Melvin 1951 Oswald 1958 Conaway 1952
Porrocaecum ensicaudatum (Zeder, 1800) Baylis, 1920 (larvae) Synonym: Ascaris ensicaudatum Zeder, 1800	Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis	Ohio Iowa Connecticut Pennsylvania Illinois	Oswald 1958 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Huffman & Penner 1981 Barker & McNair 1984 Barker et al. 1987
Porrocaecum sp. (larvae)	Sorex fumeus Sorex longirostris	New York Alabama	Hamilton 1940 French 1980
Porrocaecum sp. (adult)	Blarina brevicauda	Pennsylvania	Barker & McNair 1984
Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia Baylis, 1934 Synonyms: Physaloptera kotlani Kobulej and Vershenyi, 1953; Physaloptera soricinia Morozov, 1960; Physaloptera sp. Pearse, 1930	Sorex fumeus Sorex personatus Sorex cinereus Sorex vagrans	Tennessee Not given Iowa Montana	Schad 1963 Schad 1963 Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979 Kinsella 2007
Soboliphyme baturini Petrow, 1930 (larvae)	Sorex cinereus Sorex tundrensis	Alaska Alaska	Karpenko et al. 2007, Koehler et al. 2007 Karpenko et al. 2007, Koehler et al. 2007
Soboliphyme jamesoni Read, 1952	Sorex vagrans	California	Read 1952
Stefanskostrongylus blarini (Ogren, 1954) Drozdz, 1970 Synonym Angiostrongylus blarini Ogren 1954	Blarina brevicauda	Illinois Ohio	Ogren 1954 Oswald 1958
Stefanskostrongylus michiganensis (Ash, 1967) Drozdz, 1970 Synonym: Angiostrongylus michiganensis Ash, 1967	Sorex cinereus Sorex fumeus	Michigan Pennsylvania Pennsylvania	Ash, 1967 Laakonen et al. 1997 Laakonen et al. 1997
Spirura talpae (Gmelin, 1790) Blanchard, 1849 Synonyms : Ascaris talpae Gmelin, 1790 ; Ascaris strumosa (Froelich, 1791) ; Fusaria convoluta Zeder, 1803 ; Filaria gastrophila Mueller, 1894	Blarina brevicauda	Connecticut	Huffman & Penner 1981
Stammerinema soricis (Tiner, 1951) Osche, 1955 Synonym : Dispharynx soricis Tiner, 1951	Sorex obscurus	Alaska	Tiner & Rausch 1949, Tiner 1951
Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835) Railliet, 1895 (larvae) Synonym : Trichina spiralis Owen, 1835	Sorex vagrans	British Columbia	Schmitt et al. 1976
Onchocercidae	Blarina brevicauda	Pennsylvania	Barker & McNair 1984
Juvenile oxyurids	Blarina brevicauda	Iowa	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Spiruroid nematode	Notiosorex crawfordi	Nevada	Fisher 1941
Unidentified metastrongyle	Sorex cinereus	Iowa	Wittrock & Hendrickson 1979
Unidentified lungworm (adult)	Sorex ornatus	California	Laakkonen et al. 2001
Unidentified lungworm (larvae)	Blarina brevicauda Sorex fumeus	Ontario Ontario	Lankester & Anderson 1966 Lankester & Anderson 1966
Acanthocephala
Centrorhynchus conspectus Van Cleave & Pratt, 1940 (cystacanth)	Blarina brevicauda	Ohio	Oswald 1958
Centrorhynchus sp. (cystacanth)	Blarina carolinensis Sorex palustris	North Carolina Oregon	Miller et al. 1974 Van Cleave 1953
Mediorhynchus grandis Van Cleave, 1916 (cystacanth) Synonym: Heteroplus grandis (Van Cleave, 1916) Van Cleave, 1918	Blarina brevicauda	South Dakota	Collins 1971
Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus (Goeze, 1782) Schmidt & Kuntz, 1966 (cystacanth) Synonyms: Echinorhynchus cylindraceus Goeze, 1782; Centrorhynchus cylindraceus (Goeze, 1782) Kostylev, 1914;Prosthorhynchus cylindraceus (Goeze, 1782) Golvan, 1956; Prosthorhynchus transversus (Rudolphi, 1819); Plagiorhynchus formosus Van Cleave 1918; Plagiorhynchus taiwanensis Schmidt & Kuntz, 1966]	Blarina brevicauda Sorex cinereus	Connecticut New York Nebraska Nebraska	Huffman & Penner, 1981 Nickol & Oetinger 1968 Coady & Nickol 2000 Coady & Nickol 2000
TALPIDAE
Trematoda
Aspalacitrema aspalicis (Rausch, 1962) Deblock & Rausch, 1965 Synonym : Microphallus aspalacis Rausch 1962	Neurotrichus gibbsii	Oregon	Rausch 1962
Ectosiphonus rhomboideus Sinitsin, 1931 Synonyms: Brachylaima dolichodirus Mason, 1953; Ectosiphonus ovatus Sinitsin, 1931; Brachylaima condylura Odlaug, 1952	Condylura cristata	Minnesota	Odlaug 1952
Ityogonimus scalopi Turner & McKeever, 1980	Scalopus aquaticus	South Carolina	Turner & McKeever 1980
Cestoda
Hymenolepis neurotrichi Rausch, 1962	Neurotrichus gibbsii	Oregon	Rausch 1962
Hymenolepis scalopi Schultz, 1939	Scalopus aquaticus	Oklahoma	Schultz 1939
Hymenolepis sp.	Scalopus aquaticus	Ohio	Olive 1950
Vampirolepis olsoni (Neiland & Senger, 1952) Schmidt, 1986 Synonym: Hymenolepis olsoni Neiland & Senger, 1952	Scapanus townsendi	Washington	Neiland & Senger 1952
Nematoda
Liniscus maseri (Rausch & Rausch, 1973) Synonym: Capillaria maseri Rausch & Rausch, 1973	Neurotrichus gibbsii	Oregon	Rausch & Rausch 1973
Physaloptera limbata Leidy, 1856	Scalopus aquaticus Parascalops breweri	Pennsylvania Wisconsin Missouri Iowa Indiana Ohio Kansas Maryland New Hampshire Vermont	Leidy 1856 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946, Olive 1950 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946 Morgan 1946
Rictularia scalopis Goodrich, 1932	Scalopus aquaticus	Kansas	Goodrich 1932
Porrocaecum americanum Schwartz, 1925 (larvae)	Parascalops breweri	Pennsylvania	Chandler & Melvin, 1951
Porrocaecum encapsulatum Schwartz, 1925 (larvae)	Parascalops breweri	Pennsylvania	Chandler & Melvin 1951
Porrocaecum sp. (larvae)	Neurotrichus gibbsii	Oregon	Rausch 1962
Strongyloides sp.	Scalopus aquaticus	Florida	Forrester 1992
Tricholinstowia maseri Durette-Desset & Vaucher, 1974	Scapanus orarius	Oregon	Durette-Desset & Vaucher 1974
“roundworms”	Parascalops breweri	New Hampshire	Eadie 1939
Unidentified lungworm	Scapanus townsendi	Oregon Washington	Jellison & Hadlow 1958 Jellison & Hadlow 1958
Acanthocephala
Echinorhynchus sp. (immature)	Scapanus townsendi	Washington	Van Cleave 1953
Macracanthorhynchus ingens (Linstow, 1879) Meyer, 1932 (immature) Synonyms :Echinorhynchus ingens Linstow, 1879; Prosthenorchis ingens (Linstow, 1879) Travassos, 1917	Parascalops breweri	Pennsylvania	Chandler & Melvin 1951
Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Pallas, 1781) Travassos, 1917 (immature) Synonym: Taenia hirudinaceus Pallas, 1781	Scalop us aquaticus	Illinois	Van Cleave 1953
Moniliformis clarki (Ward, 1917) Van Cleave, 1924 Synonym: Hormorhynchus clarki Ward, 1917	Scalopus aquaticus	Ohio Kansas Michigan	Olive 1950 Van Cleave 1953 Van Cleave 1953
Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser, 1811) Travassos, 1915 Synonyms : Echinorhynchus moniliformis Bremser, 1811 ; Echinorhynchus grassi Railliet, 1893 ; Echinorhynchus canis Porta, 1914 ; Echinorhynchus belgicus Railliet, 1919 ; Moniliformis dubius Meyer, 1932	Scalopus aquaticus	Ohio	Hanawalt 1922, Van Cleave 1953
Moniliformis sp.	Parascalops breweri	New Hampshire	Eadie 1939

Table 2. Host-parasite checklist of parasites of North American Soricomorpha.
Host species	Trematoda	Cestoda	Nematoda	Acanthocephala
SORICIDAE
Blarina brevicauda	Brachylaima thompsoni Ectosiphonus rhomboideus Panopistus pricei Troglotrematidae	Blarinolepis blarinae Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Cyclophyllidean larva Hymenolepis sp. Oochoristica pennsylvanica Protogynella blarinae Protogynella pauciova Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi Pseudodiorchis sp. Staphylocystoides asketus	Calodium hepaticum Capillaria sp. (liver) Capillaria sp. (spleen) Eucoleus blarinae Eucoleus oesophagicola Liniscus urincola Longistriata aeschlimanni Longistriata blarinae Longistriata caudabullata Longistriata depressa Longistriata sp. Parastrongyloides winchesi Physaloptera limbata Porrocaecum americanum (larvae) Porrocaecum encapsulatum (larvae) Porrocaecum ensicaudatum (larvae) Porrocaecum sp. (larvae) Spirura talpae Stefanskostrongylus blarini Onchocercid Juvenile oxyurids Unidentified lungworm	Centrorhynchus conspectus (cystacanth) Mediorhynchus grandis (cystacanth) Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus (cystacanth)
Blarina carolinensis	Brachylaima thompsoni Brachylecithum sp. Ectosiphonus rhomboideus Panopistus pricei	Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus	Capillaria sp. (bladder) Longistriata caudabullata Pearsonema plica Physaloptera sp. (larvae) Porrocaecum americanum (larvae) Porrocaecum ensicaudatum (larvae)	Centrorhynchus sp. (cystacanth)
Blarina hylophaga	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei		Longistriata caudabullata
Sorex arcticus		Mathevolepis macyi	Longistriata alainchabaudi Longistriata dikmansi
Sorex bendirii	Euryhelmis pacificus Xiphidiotrema lockerae	Lineolepis sengeri Lockerrauschia intricata Mathevolepis macyi Monocercus soricis Protogynella blarinae Soricinia kenki Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides parvissima	Liniscus maseri
Sorex cinereus	Brachylaima thompsoni Neoglyphe locellus	Cladotaenia globifera (merocercoid) Ditestolepis pulchra Lineolepis lineola Lineolepis parva Lineolepis lineola Mathevolepis macyi Soricinia kenki Skrjabinacanthus falculata Staphylocystis schilleri Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides serrula Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus Spasskylepis rauschi Staphylocystoides parasphenomorphus Staphylocystoides oligospinosus	Baruscapillaria rauschi Calodium hepaticum Capillaria sp. 1 Capillaria sp. 2 Liniscus maseri Longistriata alainchabaudi Longistriata depressa Longistriata euzeti Longistriata meylani Longistriata robdollfusi Pearsonema plica Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia Soboliphyme baturini (larvae) Stefanskostrongylus michiganensis Unidentified metastrongyle	Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus (cystacanth)
Sorex fumeus		Lineolepis lineola Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides serrula	Calodium hepaticum Longistriata alainchabaudi Longistriata euzeti Longistriata robdollfusi Porrocaecum sp. (larvae) Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia Stefanskostrongylus michiganensis Unidentified lungworm
Sorex hoyi			Longistriata rauschi
Sorex jacksoni		Echinococcus sp. (larvae) Staphylocystoides serrula
Sorex monticolus		Staphylocystoides gulyaevi
Sorex longirostris			Liniscus sp. Porrocaecum sp. (larvae)
Sorex obscurus	Xiphidiotrema lockerae	Lineolepis parva Lockerrauschia intricata Monocercus soricis Soricinia kenki Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus	Stammerinema soricis
Sorex ornatus		Lineolepis parva Mathevolepis macyi Skrjabinacanthus falculata Staphylocystoides parvissima Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus	Unidentified lungworm
Sorex pacificus		Ditestolepis pulchra Lineolepis parva Monocercus soricis Soricinia kenki	Liniscus maseri
Sorex palustris	Neoglyphe locellus Xiphidiotrema lockerae	Lineolepis parva Lineolepis sengeri Lockerrauschia intricata Mesocestoides sp. (tetrathyridia) Staphylocystis schilleri Skrjabinacanthus falculata Staphylocystoides parvissima Staphylocystoides serrula	Baruscapillaria rauschi Capillaria sp. Longistriata baeri Porrocaecum americanum (larvae) Porrocaecum encapsulatum (larvae)	Centrorhynchus sp. (cystacanth)
Sorex personatus			Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia
Sorex pribilofensis		Lineolepis pribilofensis Mesocestoides sp. (tetrathyridia)
Sorex trowbridgii		Ditestolepis pulchra Lineolepis parva Mathevolepis macyi Staphylocystoides parvissima Vogelepis virilis	Liniscus maseri
Sorex tundrensis		Staphylocystoides serrula Neoskrjabinolepis fertilis Neoskrjabinolepis hobergi	Soboliphyme baturini (larvae)
Sorex vagrans	Brachylaima sp. (immature) Neoglyphe locellus Brachylecithum mosquensis	Lineolepis parva Lockerrauschia intricata Mathevolepis macyi Monocercus soricis Paruterina candelabraria (merocercoid) Protogynella blarinae Protogynella sp. Skrjabinacanthus falculata Soricinia kenki Staphylocystis schilleri Staphylocystis clydesengeri Staphylocystis sp. Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides pauciproglottis Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus	Baruscapillaria rauschi Eucoleus oesophagicola Liniscus maseri Longistriata meylani Paracrenosoma sp. Parastrongyloides winchesi Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia Soboliphyme jamesoni Trichinella spiralis (larvae)
Sorex yaquinae			Liniscus maseri
Sorex sp.		Lineolepis parva Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus
Notiosorex crawfordi		Raillietina sp.	Angiostrongylus sp. Spiruroid nematode
TALPIDAE
Condylura cristata	Ectosiphonus rhomboideus
Neurotrichus gibbsii	Aspalacitrema aspalicis	Hymenolepis neurotrichi	Liniscus maseri Porrocaecum sp. (larvae)
Parascalops breweri			Physaloptera limbata Porrocaecum americanum (larvae) Porrocaecum encapsulatum (larvae) "roundworms"	Macracanthorhynchus ingens (cystacanth) Moniliformis sp.
Scalopus aquaticus	Ityogonimus scalopi	Hymenolepis scalopi Hymenolepis sp.	Physaloptera limbata Rictularia scalopis Strongyloides sp.	Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (cystacanth) Moniliformis clarki Moniliformis moniliformis
Scapanus orarius			Tricholinstowia maseri
Scapanus townsendi		Vampirolepis olsoni	Unidentified lungworm	Echinorhynchus sp. (cystacanth)

Table 3. State-parasite checklist of parasites of North American Soricomorpha.
State	Trematoda	Cestoda	Nematoda	Acanthocephala
Alabama			Liniscus sp. Porrocaecum sp. (larvae)
Alaska	Neoglyphe locellus	Echinococcus sp. (larvae) Lineolepis parva Lineolepis pribilofensis Lockerrauschia intricata Mesocestoides sp. Neoskrjabinolepis fertilis Skrjabinacanthus falculata Staphylocystis schilleri Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus Staphylocystoides serrula Staphylocystoides gulyaevi Spasskylepis rauschi	Longistriata rauschi Soboliphyme baturini Stammerinema soricis
Arizona
Arkansas
California		Ditestolepis pulchra Lineolepis parva Mathevolepis macyi Monocercus soricis Skrjabinacanthus falculata Soricinia kenki Staphylocystoides parvissima Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus Vogelepis virilis	Angiostrongylus sp. Soboliphyme jamesoni Unidentified lungworm (adult)
Colorado	Neoglyphe locellus
Connecticut	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Protogynella blarinae Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi	Capillaria sp. (liver) Capillaria sp. (spleen) Eucoleus blarinae Liniscus urinicola Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum ensicaudatum Spirura talpae	Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus
Delaware
Florida	Ectosiphonus rhomboideus Panopistus pricei		Strongyloides sp.
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Protogynella pauciova	Capillaria sp. (bladder) Eucoleus blarinae Physaloptera limbata Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum ensicaudatum Stefanskostrongylus blarini	Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus
Indiana			Physaloptera limbata
Iowa	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Blarinolepis blarinae Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Hymenolepis sp. Lineolepis parva Mathevolepis macyi Protogynella blarinae Protogynella pauciova Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi Skrjabinacanthus falculata Staphylocystoides longi Vogelepis virilis	Baruscapillaria rauschi Capillaria sp. 1 Capillaria sp. 2 Eucoleus oesophagicola Liniscus urinicola Longistriata depressa Longistriata sp. Parastrongyloides winchesi Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum ensicaudatum Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia Juvenile oxyurids Unidentified metastrongyle Physaloptera limbata
Kansas			Longistriata caudabullata Physaloptera limbata Rictularia scalopis	Moniliformis clarki
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei		Longistriata caudabullata Physaloptera limbata
Michigan	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus	Stefanskostrongylus michiganensis	Moniliformis clarki
Minnesota	Brachylaima thompsoni Ectosiphonus rhomboideus	Pseudodiorchis sp.
Mississippi
Missouri			Physaloptera limbata
Montana	Brachylaima thompsoni Neoglyphe locellus Xiphidiotrema lockerae Brachylecithum mosquensis	Lineolepis parva Lineolepis sengeri Lockerrauschia intricata Mathevolepis macyi Mesocestoides sp. Monocercus soricis Paruterina candelabraria Protogynella sp. Skrjabinacanthus falculata Soricinia kenki Staphylocystis schilleri Staphylocystis clydesengeri Staphylocystis sp. Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides parvissima Staphylocystoides serrula Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus Staphylocystoides oligospinosus	Baruscapillaria rauschi Capillaria sp. 3 Eucoleus oesophagicola Liniscus maseri Longistriata meylani Paracrenosoma sp. Parastrongyloides winchesi Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum encapsulatum Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia
Nebraska	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Staphylocystoides asketus	Longistriata caudabullata	Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus
Nevada		Raillietina sp.	Spiruroid nematode
New Hampshire			Physaloptera limbata “roundworms”	Moniliformis sp.
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York		Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi	Eucoleus blarinae Porrocaecum sp. (larvae)	Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus
North Carolina	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus	Longistriata caudabullata Pearsonema plica Physaloptera sp.	Centrorhynchus sp.
North Dakota		Staphylocystoides asketus Mathevolepis macyi
Ohio	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei Xiphidiotrema lockerae	Blarinolepis blarinae Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Hymenolepis sp. Lineolepis lineola Protogynella blarinae Protogynella pauciova Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides serrula Hymenolepis sp.	Longistriata aeschlimanni Longistriata depressa Physaloptera limbata Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum encapsulatum Porrocaecum ensicaudatum Stefanskostrongylus blarini Physaloptera limbata	Centrorhynchus conspectus Moniliformis clarki Moniliformis moniliformis
Oklahoma		Hymenolepis scalopi
Oregon	Euryhelmis pacificus Xiphidiotrema lockerae Aspalacitrema aspalicis	Lineolepis sengeri Lockerrauschia intricata Mathevolepis macyi Monocercus soricis Protogynella blarinae Skrjabinacanthus falculata Soricinia kenki Staphylocystis schilleri Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides pauciproglottis Staphylocystoides sphenomorphus Hymenolepis neurotrichi	Liniscus urinicola Liniscus maseri Porrocaecum sp. (larvae) Tricholinstowia maseri Unidentified lungworm	Centrorhynchus sp.
Pennsylvania	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Ditestolepis pulchra Lineolepis lineola Mathevolepis macyi Oochoristica pennsylvanica Protogynella pauciova Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi Soricinia kenki Staphylocystoides longi Staphylocystoides serrula	Baruscapillaria rauschi Longistriata alainchabaudi Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum encapsulatum Porrocaecum ensicaudatum Porrocaecum sp. (adult) Stefanskostrongylus michiganensis Onchocercidae Physaloptera limbata Porrocaecum americanum Porrocaecum encapsulatum	Macracanthorhynchus ingens
Rhode Island
South Carolina	Ityogonimus scalopi
South Dakota		Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus		Mediorhynchus grandis
Tennessee	Brachylaima thompsoni	Staphylocystoides serrula	Pseudophysaloptera formosana soricinia
Texas
Utah
Vermont			Physaloptera limbata
Virginia	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Protogynella blarinae Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi	Calodium hepaticum
Washington		Vampirolepis olsoni Staphylocysis clydesengeri	Unidentified lungworm	Echinorhynchus sp. (immature)
West Virginia
Wisconsin	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Blarinolepis blarinae Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Lineolepis parva Protogynella blarinae Skrjabinacanthus falculata Staphylocystis schilleri	Baruscapillaria rauschi Physaloptera limbata Physaloptera limbata
Wyoming		Lineolepis parva
Washington DC			Porrocaecum encapsulatum
Alberta			Longistriata baeri Longistriata meylani
British Columbia			Trichinella spiralis
Manitoba			Longistriata blarinae Longistriata caudabullata Longistriata dikmansi
New Brunswick
Newfoundland and Labrador
Nova Scotia			Liniscus maseri	Cowan et al 2007, 2009
Ontario	Brachylaima thompsoni Panopistus pricei	Cladotaenia globifera Cryptocotylepis anthocephalus Protogynella blarinae Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi	Longistriata aeschlimanni Longistriata alainchabaudi Longistriata blarinae Longistriata caudabullata Longistriata euzeti Longistriata rauschi Longistriata robdollfusi Unidentified lungworm (larvae)
Prince Edward Island
Quebec			Pearsonema plica
Saskatchewan
Canada			Longistriata alainchabaudi Longistriata euzeti Longistriata robdollfusi

References

Amin, O. (1985) Classification. In: Crompton, D. W. T. & Nickol, B. B. (Eds.). Biology of the Acanthocephala. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 27–72.

Ash, L. R. (1967) Angiostrongylus michiganensis sp.n. (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea), a lungworm occurring in the shrew, Sorex cinereus, in Michigan. Journal of Parasitology, 53, 625–629.

Barger, M. A. & Hnida, J. A. (2008) Survey of trematodes from terrestrial gastropods and small mammals in southeasten Nebraska, U.S.A. Comparative Parasitology, 75, 308–314.

Barker, C. M., Dyer, W. G. & Feldhamer G. A. (1987) Helminths of Peromyscus leucopus, P. maniculatus and Blarina carolinensis from southern Illinois. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science, 80, 119–127.

Barker, C. M. & McNair, D. M. (1984) Helminths and ectoparasites of the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda, in Cambria County, Pennsylvania. Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Sciences, 58, 159–160.

Bourque, M. (1981) The masked shrew (Sorex cinereus), a new host for Capillaria plica. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 59, 2393–2394.

Brant, S. V. (2005) A review of the phylogeographic histories of short-tailed shrews (Insectivora:

Soricidae) and their parasitic nematodes (Secernentea: Trichostrongylidae). In: Merritt, J. F.,

Churchfield, S., Hutterer, R. & Sheftel, B. A. (eds). Advances in the Biology of Shrews. II. Special

Publication, International Society of Shrew Biologists, 1, 317–330.

Brant, S. V. & Orti, G. (2003) Evidence for gene flow in parasitic nematodes between two host species of shrews. Molecular Ecology, 12, 2853–2859.

Brooks, D. R. & Mayes, M. A. (1977) Hymenolepis asketus sp. n. (Cestoidea: Hymenolepididae) from the short- tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda Say, from Nebraska. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 44, 60–62.

Canaris, A.G. (1960) A cestode life cycle involving land snails and shrews. Journal of Parasitology, 46, 524.

Chabaud, A. G. (1975) Key to the genera of the Order Spirurida. Part 1. Camallanoidea, Dracunculoidea, Gnathostomoidea, Physalopteroidea, Rictularoidea, and Thelazoidea. In: Anderson, R. C., Chabaud, A. G. & Willmott, S. (Eds.). CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates 3. Part 1. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England, 27 pp.

Chandler, A. C. & Melvin, D. M. (1951) A new cestode, Oochoristica pennsylvanica, and some new or rare helminth host records from Pennsylvania mammals. Journal of Parasitology, 51, 106–109.

Coady, N. R. & Nickol, B. B. (2000) Assessment of parenteral Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus (Acanthocephala) infections in shrews. Comparative Parasitology, 67, 32–39.

Collins, G. D. (1971) Mediorhynchus grandis in a short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda, from South Dakota. Journal of Parasitology, 57, 1038.

Conaway, C. H. (1952) Life history of the water shrew (Sorex palustris navigator). American Midland Naturalist, 48, 219–248.

Cowan, K. M., Shutler, D., Herman, T. B. & Stewart, D. T. (2007) Extreme male-biased infections of male shrews by bladder nematodes. Journal of Mammalogy, 88, 1539–1543.

Cowan, K. M., Shutler, D., Herman, T. B. & Stewart, D. T. (2009) Splenic mass of masked shrews, Sorex cinereus, in relation to body mass, sex, age, day of the year, and bladder nematode, Liniscus (=Capillaria) maseri, infection. Journal of Parasitology, 95, 228-230.

Cox, D. D., Ciordia, H. & Jones, A. W. (1956) Variations in Hymenolepis serrula Oswald, 1951, (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae), a cestode from the smoky shrew, Sorex fumeus Miller, 1895, with special reference to three geographic areas. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 31, 287–299.

Davis, B. S. & Voge, M. (1957) Observations on Hymenolepis macyi Locker and Rausch, with a revised diagnosis of this cestode. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 24, 1–4.

Deblock, S. & Rausch, R. L. (1965) Position systematique nouvelle de Microphallus aspalacis Rausch, 1962 (Trematoda: Microphallidae). Bulletin de Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 37, 363–366.

Dikmans, G. (1946) A new nematode, Longistriata caudabullata, n. sp. (Nematoda: Viannaiinae), from the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 13, 14–16.

Dunagan, T. T. (1956) Hymenolepis sphenomorphus from Sorex cinereus in Alaska. Journal of Parasitology, 42, 657–658.

Durette-Desset, M. C. & Vaucher, C. (1974) Nematodes Heligmosomes parasites d'insectivores Talpides de la region holarctique. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 49, 191–200.

Eadie, W. R. (1939) A contribution to the biology of Parascalops breweri. Journal of Mammalogy, 20, 150–173.

Fasbender, M. V. (1957) A morphological and histological description of a cestode removed from the small intestine of a short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda. Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, 35, 131–143.

Fisher, H. I. (1941) Notes on shrews of the genus Notiosorex. Journal of Mammalogy, 22, 263-269.

Forrester, D. J. (1992) Parasites and Diseases of Wild Mammals in Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 459 pp.

Freeman, R. S. (1959) On the taxonomy of the genus Cladotaenia, the life histories of C. globifera (Batsch, 1786) and C. circi Yamaguti, 1935, and a note on distinguishing between the plerocercoids of the genera Cladotaenia and Paruterina. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 37, 317–340.

French, T. W. (1980) Natural history of the southeastern shrew, Sorex longirostris Bachman. American Midland Naturalist, 104, 13–31.

Gibson, D. I., Jones, A. & Bray, R. A. (Eds.). (2002) Keys to the Trematoda. Volume 1. CABI Publishing, London, 544 pp.

Goodrich, A. L. (1932) Rictularia scalopis sp. nov., a nematode from the mole, Scalops aquaticus (Linn.). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 51, 216–218.

Greiman, S.E., Tkach, V.V. & Cook, J. A. (2013) Description and molecular differentiation of a new Staphylocystoides (Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae) from the dusky shrew Sorex monticolus in Southeast Alaska. Journal of Parasitology 99: 1045-1049.

Gulyaev, V.D. & Kornienko, S. A. (1998) On morphological pecularities of cysticercoids of Monocercus (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae). Parazitologiya, 32, 141–145. (In Russian)

Gulyaev, V. D., N. E. Dokuchaev, and S. A. Kornienko. 2007. [The cestodes of the genus Staphylocystoides Yamaguti, 1959 (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae) in shrews of Beringia]. Vestnik Severo-Vostochnogo Nauchnogo Tsentra Dal'ne-Vostochnogo Otdeleniya RAN, issue 4: 75-84. (in Russian)

Gulyaev, V. D., N. E. Dokuchaev, and K. A. Lykova. 2010. [Description of Spasskylepis rauschi sp. n. (Cestoda, Hymenolepidae) from shrews Sorex in Alaska]. Vestnik Severo-Vostochnogo Nauchnogo Tsentra Dal'ne-Vostochnogo Otdeleniya RAN, issue 2: 75-84. (in Russian)

Hamilton, W. J., Jr. (1940) The biology of the smoky shrew (Sorex fumeus fumeus Miller). Zoologica, 25, 473–491.

Hanawalt, F. A. (1922) Habits of the common mole, Scalopus aquaticus machrinus (Rafinesque). Ohio Journal of Science, 22, 164–169.

Hendricks, D. P. (1973) Neoglyphe soricis (Pojmanska) (Trematoda) from Montana shrews. Journal of Parasitology, 59, 488.

Holloway, H. L. & Etges, F. J. (1967) A note on the occurrence and morphology of Panopistus pricei Sinitsin, 1931. American Midland Naturalist, 77, 230–233.

Huffman, J. E. & Penner, L. R. (1981) Helminths from the short-tail Shrew, Blarina brevicauda, in Connecticut with reference to the histopathology of Capillaria. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 48, 209–214.

Jellison, W. L. & Hadlow, W. J. (1958) Parasitic pulmonary granuloma in the Townsend mole. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 25, 67–70.

Jones, A., Bray, R. A. & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.). (2002) Keys to the Trematoda. Volume 2. CABI Publishing, London, 768 pp.

Jones, A. W. (1943) Protogynella blarinae n. g., n. sp., a new cestode from the shrew, Blarina brevicauda Say. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 62, 169–173.

Jones, A. W. (1944) Diorchis reynoldsi. n. sp., a hymenolepid cestode from the shrew. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 63, 46–49.

Junge J.A. & Hoffmann R.S. (1981) An annotated key to the long-tailed shrews genus Sorex of the United States and Canada, with notes on Middle American Sorex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 94, 1–48.

Karpenko, S. V., Dokuchaev, N. E. & Hoberg, E. P. (2007) Nearctic shrews, Sorex spp., as paratenic hosts of Soboliphyme baturini (Nematoda: Soboliphymidae). Comparative Parasitology, 74, 81–87.

Khalil L.F., Jones, A. & Bray R.A. (eds.) (1994) Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates. CAB International, Wallingford, England, 751 pp.

Kinsella, J. M. (2007) Helminths of the vagrant shrew, Sorex vagrans, from western Montana, USA. Acta Parasitologica, 52, 151–155.

Kinsella, J.M. & Tkach, V.V. (2009) Molecular identification of an avian dicrocoeliid, Brachylecithum mosquensis, from a vagrant shrew, Sorex vagrans, in Montana, U.S.A. Comparative Parasitology, 76: 287-289.

Kinsella J.M., Tkach V.V. (2009) Checklist of helminth parasites of Soricomorpha (=Insectivora) of North America north of Mexico. Zootaxa,1969: 36-58.

Kinsella, J. M., Vandegrift, K. J., Grant, L. K., Bozick, B. A. & Hudson, P. J. (2008) Gastrointestinal helminths of the masked shrew, Sorex cinereus, from Pennsylvania. Comparative Parasitology, 75, 141–144.

Koehler, A. V. A., Hoberg, E. P., Dokuchaev, N. E. & Cook, J. A. (2007) Geographic and host range of the nematode Soboliphyme baturini across Beringia. Journal of Parasitology, 93, 1070–1083.

Kornienko S.A., Binkiene R., Dokuchaev N.A., Tkach V.V. (2019) Molecular phylogeny and systematics of cestodes with rudimentary rostellum (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) from Holarctic Sorex shews (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 965-986.

Kornienko S. A. & Dokuchaev N. E. (2012) Two new cestode species of Neoskrjabinolepis Spasskii, 1947 (Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae) from the tundra shrew Sorex tundrensis Merriam (Mammalia: Soricidae) in Alaska and Chukotka. Systematic Parasitology, 83: 179-188.

Krull, W. H. (1934) Notes on the life history of Panopistus pricei Sinitsin, 1931. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 1, 5.

Laakkonen, J. & Brant, S. V. (2005) Microparasite survey of three species of Blarina shrews. In: Merritt, J. F., Churchfield, S., Hutterer, R. & Sheftel, B. A. (Eds.), Advances in the Biology of Shrews. II. Special Publication, International Society of Shrew Biologists, 1, 341–345.

Laakkonen, J., Fisher, R. N. & Case, T. J. (2001) Pneumocystosis in wild small mammals from California. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37, 408–412.

Laakkonen, J., Fisher, R. N. & Case, T. J. (2003) Microparasite assemblages of conspecfic shrew populations in southern California. Journal of Parasitology, 89, 1153–1158.

Laakkonen, J., Haukisalmi, V. & Merritt, J. F. (1997) Lung parasites of shrews from Pennsylvania. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 33, 285–289.

Lankester, M. W. & Anderson, R. C. (1966) Small mammals as paratenic hosts of lungworms. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 341–342.

Larson, O. R. & Scharf, W. C. (1975) New helminth records from Minnesota mammals. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 42, 174–175.

Leiby, P.D. (1961) Intestinal helminths of some Colorado mammals. Journal of Parasitology, 47, 311.

Leidy, J. (1856) A synopsis of Entozoa and some of their ecto-cogeners observed by the author. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 8, 2–58.

Levin, N. L. (1957) The occurrence of Panopistus pricei in Illinois. Journal of Parasitology, 43, 379.

Levin, N. L. (1966) A note concerning Protogynella pauciova Oswald, 1955. Journal of Parasitology, 52, 826–827

Locker B. & Rausch, R. (1952) Some cestodes from Oregon shrews, with descriptions of four new species of Hymenolepis Weinland, 1858. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 42, 26–31.

Mason, J. (1953) Brachylaema dolichodirus n. sp. from a shrew Blarina brevicauda. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 28, 38–42.

Miller, G. C., Price, R. L. & Wilson, D. A. (1974) Helminths of the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda, in North Carolina. Journal of Parasitology, 60, 523–524.

Moravec, F. (1982) Proposal of a new systematic arrangement of nematodes of the family Capillariidae. Folia Parasitologica, 29, 119–132.

Morgan, B. B. (1946) A redescription of Physaloptera limbata (Leidy, 1856) (Nematoda: Physalopterinae). Journal of Parasitology, 32, 69–71.

Neiland, K.A. (1953) Helminths of northwestern mammals, Part V. Observations on cestodes of shrews with the descriptions of new species of Liga Weinland, 1857, and Hymenolepis Weinland, 1858. Journal of Parasitology, 39, 487–495.

Neiland, K. A. & Senger, C. M. (1952) Helminths of northwestern mammals. Part 1. Two new species of Hymenolepis. Journal of Parasitology, 38, 409–414.

Nickol, B. B. & Oetinger, D. P. (1968) Prosthorhynchus formosus from the short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda) in New York State. Journal of Parasitology, 54, 456.

Odlaug, T. O. (1952) Brachylaima condylura, n. sp., from the star-nosed mole, Condylura cristata. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 71, 334–346.

Ogren, R. E. (1953) Capillaria blarinae n. sp. (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from the esophagus of the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda (Say). Journal of Parasitology, 39, 135–138.

Ogren, R. E. (1954) A lungworm, Angiostrongylus blarini, n. sp., from the short-tailed shrew, with observations on the histopathology and life cycle. Journal of Parasitology, 40, 681–685.

Olive, J. R. (1950) Some parasites of the prairie mole, Scalopus aquaticus machrinus (Rafinesque). Ohio Journal of Science, 50, 263–266.

Olsen, O. W. (1969) Hymenolepis pribilofensis. n. sp. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) from the Pribilof shrew (Sorex pribilofensis Merriam) from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 449–454.

Oswald, V. H. (1951) Three new hymenolepidid cestodes from the smoky shrew, Sorex fumeus Miller. Journal of Parasitology, 37, 573–576

Oswald, V.H. (1955) The taxonomics of the genus Protogynella Jones, 1943 (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae), with a description of Protogynella pauciova. n. sp. provis. Ohio Journal of Science, 55, 200–208.

Oswald, V. H. (1957) A redescription of Pseudodiorchis reynoldsi (Jones, 1944) (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae), a parasite of the short-tailed shrew. Journal of Parasitology, 43, 464–469.

Oswald, V.H. (1958) Helminth parasites of the short-tailed shrew in central Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science, 58, 325–334.

Rausch R. & Kuns, M. L. (1950) Studies on some North American shrew cestodes. Journal of Parasitology, 36, 433–438.

Rausch, R. & Tiner, J. D. (1949) Studies on the parasitic helminths of the north central states. II. Helminths of voles (Microtus spp.) Preliminary report. American Midland Naturalist, 41, 665–694.

Rausch, R. L. (1962) Helminths of the shrew-mole Neurotrichus gibsii (Baird) in Oregon. Journal of Parasitology, 48, 813–817.

Rausch R.L. & Rausch, V. R. (1973) Capillaria maseri sp.n. (Nematoda) from insectivores (Soricidae and Talpidae) in Oregon. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 40, 107–112.

Read, C. P. (1949) Studies on North American helminths of the genus Capillaria Zeder, 1800 ((Nematoda): I. Capillarids from mammals. Journal of Parasitology, 35, 223–230.v

Read, C. P. (1952) Soboliphyme jamesoni n. sp., a curious nematode parasite of California shrews. Journal of Parasitology, 38, 203–206.

Reynolds, B. D. (1938) Developmental stages of Panopistus pricei Sinitsin in Agriolimax agrestis. Parasitology, 30, 320–323.

Schad, G. A. (1963) A taxonomic revision of the genus Pseudophysaloptera Baylis, 1934 (Nematoda: Physalopteridae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 41, 1069–1077.

Schmidt, G. D. (1986) CRC Handbook of Tapeworm Identification. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, 675 pp.

Schmitt N., Saville, J. M., Friis, L. & Stovell, P. L. (1976) Trichinosis in British Columbia wildlife. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 67, 21–24.

Schultz, R. L. (1939) Hymenolepis scalopi n. sp. American Midland Naturalist, 21, 641–645.

Schwartz, B. (1925) Two new larval nematodes belonging to the genus Porrocaecum from mammals of the order Insectivora. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 67(Article 17), 1–8.

Seesee, F. M. (1970) Neoglyphe soricis (=Opisthoglyphe soricis Pojmanska, 1956) (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae) from shrews in Alaska. Parasitology, 61, 323–328.

Senger, C. M. (1953) Xiphidiotrema lockerae, gen. et sp. nov. (Trematoda: Troglotrematidae) from shrews in the northwestern United States. Journal of Parasitology, 36, 341–343.

Senger, C.M. (1955) Observations on cestodes of the genus Hymenolepis in North American shrews. Journal of Parasitology, 41, 167–170.

Senger, C. M. & Macy, R. W. (1952) Helminths of northwest mammals. Part III. The description of Euryhelmis pacificus n. sp., and notes on its life cycle. Journal of Parasitology, 38, 481–486.

Sinitsin, D. (1931) Studien uber die Phylogene der Trematoden. V. Revision of Harmostominae in the light of new facts from their morphology and life history. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 3, 786–835.

Solomon, G. B. & Handley, C. O. Jr. (1971) Capillaria hepatica (Bancroft, 1893) in Appalachian mammals. Journal of Parasitology, 57, 1142–1144.

Thomas, L. J., Babero, B. B., Gallicchio, V. & Lacey, R. J. 1954. Echinococcosis on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Science, 120, 1102–1103

Tiner, J. D. (1951) Dispharynx soricis n. sp. (Nematoda: Acuariidae) from the shrew, Sorex obscurus alascensis and associated host pathology. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 18, 64–70.

Tiner, J. D. & Rausch, B. (1949) A natural mammalian host (Sorex sp.) for an acuariid nematode. Journal of Parasitology, 35 (Suppl.), 21–22.

Tkach V.V., Kinsella J.M., Greiman S.E. 2018. Two new species of Staphylocystoides Yamaguti, 1959 (Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae) from the Masked Shrew Sorex cinereus in North America. Journal of Parasitology,104: 157–167. doi: 10.1645/17-151

Tkach, V. V. & Kornyushin, V. V. (1997) On the systematic position of Hymenolepis blarinae Rausch & Kuns, 1950 (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae), with a re-description of the holotype. Systematic Parasitology, 37, 21–25.

Tkach V.V., Makarikov, A.A.J. & Kinsella, M. (2013) Morphological and molecular differentiation of Staphylocystis clydesengeri n. sp. (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae) from the vagrant shrew Sorex vagrans (Soricimorpha, Soricidae) in North America. Zootaxa, 3691 (3): 389-400.

Turner, H. M. & Mckeever, S. (1980) Itygonimus scalopi sp. n. (Trematoda: Brachylaemidae) from the eastern mole Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of Parasitology, 66, 823–824.

Van Cleave, H. J. (1953) Acanthocephala of North American mammals. Illinois Biological Monographs, 23, 1–179.

Van Gundy, C. O. (1936) Hymenolepis anthocephalus, a new tapeworm from the mole shrew, Blarina brevicauda Say. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 54, 240–244.

Vaucher, C. & Durette-Desset, M. C. (1973) Nematodes Heligmosomes parasites d’Insectivores Soricides de la region holoarctique. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 48, 135–167.

Vaucher, C., & Durette-Desset, M. C. (1978) Nouvelles donnees sur les Helminthes parasites de la Musraigne Blarina brevicauda (Say). Revue Suisse Zoologie, 85, 361–378.

Villella, J. B. (1953a) The life history of Entosiphonus thompsoni Sinitsin, 1931 (Trematoda: Brachylaematidae). Journal of Parasitology, 39 (Suppl.), 20.

Villella, J. B. (1953b) Retinella indentata (Say), a first intermediate host of Entosiphonus thompsoni Sinitsin, 1931 (Trematoda: Brachylaemidae). Journal of Parasitology, 39, 667.

Villella, J. B. (1953c) The life history of Ectosiphonus rhomboideus Sinitsin, 1931 (Trematoda: Brachylaematidae) from the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda. Journal of Parasitology, 39 (Suppl.), 21.

Villella, J. B. (1954) Ventridens ligera, a new first intermediate host of Panopistus pricei Sinitsin, 1931 (Trematoda: Brachylaematidae). Journal of Parasitology, 40, 470–472.

Voge, M. (1953) Hymenolepis parvissima n. sp., a minute cestode from the shrew Sorex bendirei bendirei (Merriam) in California. Journal of Parasitology 39:599–602.

Voge, M. (1955a) A list of cestode parasites from California mammals. American Midland Naturalist, 54, 413–417.

Voge, M. (1955b) Notes on four hymenolepid cestodes from shrews. Journal of Parasitology, 41, 74–76.

Voge, M. (1955c) Hymenolepis pulchra n. sp., a cestode from the shrew Sorex trowbridgei in California. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 22, 90–92.

Voge, M. (1955d) Hymenolepis virilis n. sp., a cestode from the shrew Sorex trowbridgei in California. Journal of Parasitology, 41, 270–272.

Voge, M. & Rausch, R. (1955) Occurrence and distribution of hymenolepidid cestodes in shrews. Journal of Parasitology, 41, 566–574.

Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (Eds.). (2005) Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland, 2142 pp.

Wittrock, D. D. & Hendrickson, G. L. (1979) Helminths of shrews, Blarina brevicauda and Sorex cinereus, in Iowa. Journal of Parasitology, 65, 985–986.

Yamaguti, S. (1959) Systema Helminthum. Vol. II. The cestodes of vertebrates. Interscience Publishers Inc., New York, 860 pp.

Authors: Vasyl V. Tkach, John M. Kinsella.The authors thank Max Tkach for his help with Web design